Do you know all these kinds of bills of lading?

Basic knowledge and points of attention 1. B/l Is usually 3 ps 3 ps and 2 ps 3 ps. If the letter of credit has the request, must and the freight forwarder special explanation. T/t Mode of payment, in theory, only one original can be needed (after taking delivery of the goods other originals automatically invalid, copy can not take delivery of goods) , t/t after receiving all the money, send the original to the guests can consider to keep an original, all others should be sent to customer (Lest Bill of lading be lost on the way) . 2. The carrier (full name) should be shown on the front of the bill of lading. This is to know the contents of the actual letter of credit, the bank told me that the bill of lading does not show the carrier after the safe delivery of payment (so theoretically should be shown) . On the front, the carrier's lower right corner is directly stamped and signed by the carrier. Where the front does not show the carrier and the bill of lading is signed by the transport bank, the identity of the signatory is indicated at the time of signing the bill of lading. A bill of lading with the full name of the carrier on the face but signed by the Bank of Transport, indicating the identity of the Bank of Transport. 3. ON BOARD BILL OF LADING AND STANDBY SHIPPING BILL OF LADING: ON BOARD BILL OF LADING: Bill of lading issued after shipment of goods. READY ON BOARD BILL OF LADING: A bill of lading issued when the goods are not loaded on board, but issued on behalf of the carrier to take possession of the goods delivered by the shipper, so that the bill of lading can not prove the time of shipment of the goods (the date of the ready on board bill of lading is not the time of shipment) . The on-board Bill of lading shall not be converted into on-board bill of lading until the "on-board" is stamped and the time of shipment is indicated on the standby bill of lading. The bill of lading can not have the unclean endorsement. 5. The consignee and the notifier of the bill of lading must be filled out in strict accordance with the letter of credit. 6. Issuance, date and number of bills of lading: The bill of lading must be issued by the carrier or the master of the ship or their agent and must clearly identify the issuer. Common representations are: CARRIER, Captain, or "as AGENT FOR THE CARRIER: XXX. ". Kill. For bills of lading bearing the name of the Shipping Company (carrier) , the forwarder will normally mark them as agent for the carrier. If the name of the Shipping Company is not printed on the bill of lading, it will be signed by the shipping company. Discrepancies in L/C RELATING TO B/L: carrier not shown on b/l. Looking it up, the official explanation was as follows: According to Article 23, paragraph 1, of the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits, the name of the carrier must be indicated on the surface of the bill of lading, it shall be signed or otherwise certified by or on behalf of the carrier or the named agent or representative of the carrier, or signed or otherwise certified by or on behalf of the master of the ship. 9. Freight FORWARDER b/l is a bill of lading issued by a shipping company that is engaged in the international carriage of goods but does not own a ship. Original BILL OF LADING. L/C terms of payment time sequence contracts for the making of each document, & GT; LETTERS OF CREDIT, & GT; Invoice (note that the invoice date is earlier than the date of presentation and the validity of the credit, the date on the commercial invoice can not be earlier than the date of the credit, and the invoice date is at the head of each document) Certificate of origin (certificate of origin of the date is to do with their own invoices to the same date. Application for certificate of origin may be made on or after the day on which the invoice is made and issued on or after the date on which the invoice is made) , insurance policy, packing list, export license, inspection, other inspection certificate, & GT Shipping Company certificate (if required) > > date of bill of Lading > > > Draft (note that the date of the draft is prior to the date of presentation and validity of the credit) , beneficiary's certificate (in some cases the credit does not have beneficiary's certificate and the documents are required) , shipping advice (equal to or later than three days after the date of the bill of lading) all the documents required to be presented are dated prior to the date of presentation. The above time sequence is basically consistent with the whole foreign trade process, complete after a single to clear the details of the whole process.

Bill of lading in foreign trade, a document issued by the transport department to the shipper when the goods are carried. The consignee takes delivery of the goods to the Transport Department of the destination on the strength of the bill of lading, which must be signed by the carrier or the ship before it becomes effective. It is one of the valid documents for customs declaration of Marine goods. Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l Straight b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l consignee b/l. The named consignee takes delivery of the goods when it surrenders an original bill of lading to the carrier or its agent. Although a straight bill of lading is a document of title, it is not negotiable. A straight bill of lading is not transferable in China. Straight bill of lading is not widely used in international seaborne trade, generally only in the transport of personal items, exhibits used. (the first TT consignee was simply the customer's name, unaware of the potential dangers: Never make a straight bill of lading without a collection guarantee.) In many countries, the consignee of a straight bill of lading may take delivery of the goods without a bill of lading, so that the bill of lading has actually lost control of the cargo rights. Just like an air waybill, the consignee can take delivery of the goods on the basis of identification. The issuing bank is reluctant TO accept a straight bill of lading even for l/c settlement, so the general l/c provides for a blank bill of lading such as TO ORDER, thus controlling and controlling the cargo rights. Therefore, the non-negotiable nature of a straight bill of lading can not be unilaterally remembered, it is also important to remember that "the consignee of a straight bill of lading can take delivery of the goods without a bill of lading, so the bill of lading has effectively lost the right to the goods. "! The concept must remember comprehensive, will not bring the work error and the loss. Therefore, if only 30% payment, and is after t/t 70% of the collection, made into the designated consignee bill of lading, that is, straight bill of lading, once the customer credit is bad, not payment, will likely encounter the situation of money, goods two empty. Of course, if you have confidence in the customer and the collection of confidence, then it is another matter. B/l (Bearer b/l, or Open b/l, or Blank b/l). Such bills of lading are negotiable without endorsement and the carrier releases the goods against presentation. A bill of lading on which the name of the consignee is not specified. Whoever holds the bill of lading may take delivery of the goods from the carrier against the bill of lading. On the bill of lading the consignee column is marked: To the order. Any holder of the bill of lading is entitled to take delivery of the goods. A bill of lading is a bill of lading that refers to the delivery of goods to whoever is the holder of the bill of lading. If the bill of Lading 1, clearly indicates that it is a bearer bill of lading 2, it refers to the consignee as bearer; 3, it is an instruction bill of lading but does not indicate the direction given; 4, it is a blank endorsed instruction bill of lading. The bill of lading is negotiable without endorsement. Bill of Lading (Order b/l) : a bill of lading for the delivery of goods at the direction of the person giving the Order as stated in the bill of lading. B/l Is a bill of lading commonly used in international trade. B/l containing "to Order" or "to the Order of" in the consignee column of the bill of Lading. The former is called a bearer direction bill of lading and the carrier shall deliver the goods at the shipper's direction; the latter is called a named direction bill of lading and the carrier shall deliver the goods at the direction of the named direction. 1. Follow Bank instructions. The consignee field of the bill of lading should be filled in as "to the order of XX Bank" . Upon the instruction of the consignee. The consignee field of the bill of lading should be filled in as "to the order of A.B.C. Co. Ltd" . 3. Upon the instruction of the shipper. That is, the consignee field of the bill of lading should be filled in as "to the order of shipper" and endorsed by the shipper in blank on the back of the bill of lading. Such bills of lading may also be endorsed in order in accordance with the terms of the credit. The consignee may also not endorse, in which case only the shipper may take delivery of the goods, that is, the seller retains ownership of the goods. And the so-called delivery of goods without a bill of lading is the carrier's failure to deliver the goods against the original bill of lading. At present, the carrier must deliver the goods against the original bill of lading in respect of the order bill of lading and the bearer bill of lading, and the carrier has not delivered the goods against the original bill of lading, regardless of which party the goods are delivered to, the legal holder of the original bill of lading may pursue the carrier for breach of contract for delivering the goods without the original bill of lading. This point in China's maritime judicial practice is unified. But in the case of a straight bill of lading, if the carrier does not deliver the goods to the named person on the original bill of lading, can the legal holder of the straight bill of lading claim the liability for breach of contract from the carrier? There is a tendency of negation in both theory and practice at present. To sum up, all domestic consignors should be fully aware of the dangers of straight bills of lading, and can not freely agree to the trade buyer's request to issue a straight bill of lading to which he is the consignee, in order to ensure that in the case of foreign exchange settlement by means of letters of credit, etc. , the carrier without bills of lading to release the goods to pursue its liability for breach of contract. A Shipped bill of lading (Shipped b/l, or On Board b/l) a bill of lading issued to the shipper by the carrier or his authorized agent On the basis of a chief officer's receipt after shipment. If the carrier issues the on-board bill of lading, it confirms that he has loaded the goods on board the ship. RECEIVED FOR SHIPMENT B/L: A bill of lading issued by the carrier at the request of the shipper when the goods are Received from the shipper but not yet loaded. Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l Clean b/l. 2. UNCLEAN B/L or Foul b/l: an Unclean b/l or Foul b/l is a bill of lading marked by the carrier with the goods, poor packing or defective packing, such as water, grease, dirt, rust and other endorsement of the bill of lading. Direct b/l (Direct b/l) : a bill of lading issued when the goods have been loaded at the port of loading and have been discharged at the port of discharge without change of vessel. TRANSSHIPMENT B/L: A through bill of lading issued by the carrier at the port of shipment in which the goods have to be transshipped to reach the port of destination. Through B/L: means the goods to be carried by two or more modes of transport (sea, land, Hai River, sea, air, sea, etc.) Through B/l at full freight charged by the first carrier (the carrier on the first voyage) , a through bill of lading issued at the place of origin to the port of destination. Although a through bill of lading covers the whole journey, each carrier issuing the bill of lading is liable only for damage to the goods that has occurred during one leg of its journey, which is of the same nature as a transhipment bill of lading. Multimodal Transport b/l or INTERMODAL TRANSPORT B/L: A bill of lading that covers the entire carriage of the goods by a combination of two or more modes of Transport such as sea, inland water, rail, road and air. Full Bill of lading (Long Form b/l) : As opposed to a simple bill of lading, it refers to the particulars recorded in the Form of the bill of lading, except that printed on the front, b/l With detailed clauses on rights and obligations between the carrier and the shipper and consignee on the back. Due to various clauses, it is also called "duplicate bill of lading" .

Short Form B/l, or Simple B/L: Short Form B/l, Short Form B/l, or Simple b/l, b/l without detailed clauses on the back of the bill of lading concerning the rights and obligations between the carrier, the shipper and the consignee. ANTI-DATED B/L: A bill of lading issued after the shipment of the goods by the carrier at the shipper's request and issued earlier than the actual date of completion of shipment. POST-DATE B/L: After the goods have been loaded on board the ship. The carrier or the shipping agent shall, at the request of the shipper, take the bill of lading issued on the date later than the date on which the goods actually loaded on board the vessel. Advanced B/l: means that the owner of the goods is unable to prepare the goods in time or has not finished loading the goods due to the expiry of the time of shipment and settlement of bills of exchange stipulated in the credit, on Board Bill of lading issued in advance by the carrier or his agent at the request of the shipper if the ship fails to arrive at the port for shipment within the time of shipment due to the shipping company. All liability arising from the advance bill of lading shall be borne by the issuer of the bill of lading. Expired BILL OF LADING (Stale b/l) : refers to the exporter after the receipt of the bill of lading did not arrive at the bank in time, or after the bank stipulated the time for presentation of the bill of lading has not negotiated and formed an expired bill of lading, also known as demurrage bill of lading. Figure 7: FREIGHT PREPAID B/L: CIF, CFR terms in the transaction price are Freight Prepaid, according to the provisions of the consignment, must be Prepaid Freight. Bill of lading issued with freight prepaid 2 freight to Collect B/L: A bill of lading indicating that freight is payable at the port of destination by the consignee and stating freight to Collect on the bill of lading, otherwise it can not be used against the consignee. MINIMUM B/L: A bill of lading issued at a Minimum charge for freight on each bill of lading. Bill of lading issued by a Shipping Company: A bill of lading issued usually for a full container of goods (NVOCC B/L) issued by a non-vessel carrier (NVOCC b/l) : A freight forwarder or logistics company using itself as the carrier, a bill of lading issued in connection with a contract of carriage of goods with the CONSIGNOR. 9. SPECIAL BILL OF LADING 1 combined bill of Lading (Omnibus b/l) : A bill of lading in which different goods are combined on the same bill of lading at the request of the shipper. Combined B/l: means that two or more lots of the same variety, quality, port of loading and port of discharge, however, a bill of lading bearing the seal of the "consolidation clause" is issued separately for each consignee for bulk liquid cargo belonging to different consignees and packed in the same liquid cargo hold. 3 SEPARATE B/L: A bill of lading issued in two or more subdivisions of the same consignment on a loading note. SWITCH B/L: means another set of bills of lading issued against the original bill of lading. On the condition of direct transport, the carrier undertakes, at the request of the shipper, to issue a new set of bills of lading issued at the port of embarkation at an agreed port of destination. Deck b/l: On Deck b/l. This means a bill of lading marked "On Deck" when the goods are carried On an open Deck. Parcel bill of lading (Parcel Receipt b/l) : a Bill of lading issued in respect of goods consigned in the form of parcels. This is a bill of lading designed by the carrier to meet the special requirements of the trade and not to exceed 45kg in weight. CONTAINER B/L: means a bill of lading issued for the shipment of containers. A bill of lading issued to the shipper by the operator or his agent in charge of the container transport upon receipt of the container cargo. Picture

FORM OF BILL OF LADING ISSUE 1. TELEX: Original Telex guarantee is required. The letter of guarantee is to issue a statement that this shipment of what things to which of your customers, and then the following stamped official seal, to the forwarder, the rest do not have to worry about. (of course, the premise of the telex release is safe receipt! Usually before TT received money before telex release) , Bill of lading confirmed, shipping, waiting for forwarder to send back a copy of the bill of lading, and then to the customer. 2. Sub-bill of lading: 3-4 days after shipment (when the customer orders the same container in our factory and other factories, for convenience and safety, we can sub-bill of lading, each to the customer. And Single: DITTO 4. Place Orders: must be approved by the shipping company. Packing Condition 1. DOOR-TO-DOOR: You book a space with a forwarder, set a time, and the forwarder will send a convoy to your factory, or a designated place to load the cargo, and then return to the port. 2. Inner Packing: refers to the factory direct delivery of goods to the warehouse of the forwarder, and then by them to help you pull into the port area, the owner has no right to send directly into the port area. Why is it sometimes that foreign businessmen can take delivery of goods without a bill of lading? Picture, we know that the bill of lading in theory should be the "document of title" , that is, who "legally obtained" the bill of lading, who is equivalent to the goods. On the bill of lading, there are Shipper (exporter) , Carrier (forwarder/shipowner) , Consignee, notifying Party. Consignee determines the ownership of the goods. "Consignee" is usually filled in two ways: one is "TO ORDER or TO ORDER of... " That is, the consignee has not yet been determined, and this bill of lading can be freely transferred by endorsement (the original holder signed on the back of the bill of lading, which means transfer) , which is more expensive -- because the goods are owned by the person who "legally" gets the bill of lading. Such a bill of lading is a "straight bill of lading" . In the operation of the bearer bill of lading, the foreign merchant does not have the right to take delivery of the goods without the original bill of lading. Under a letter of credit, the bank will usually require the issuance of such a bill of Lading . Another is a straight bill of lading, that is, "Consignee" column specifies the Consignee's company address (usually foreign) , only this company can take delivery Because of the specific provisions of the consignee, so others even if the bill of lading is useless, this bill of lading can not be transferred On the other hand, because of the rule that only the dead consignee can take delivery of the goods, some countries allow the consignee to take delivery of the goods as long as he can prove his identity, even if he does not have the original. This is why we will meet in the business of foreign businessmen did not get the original bill of lading can also take delivery of the reasons. In this case, delivery of the goods to the forwarder to issue a straight bill of lading is almost equivalent to direct delivery to the foreign merchant. If there is no recovery at this time, there is a certain risk, payment or not depends on the foreign conscious. Straight bill of lading also lost the "document of title" effect? Which countries can take delivery of the goods without the original straight bill of lading. Not all countries can take delivery of the goods without original (straight bill of lading) . At present, there are two main legal systems in the world, the common law system and the civil law system. Only in common law system, the straight bill of lading was not a document of title in the past Therefore, the common law countries are prone to take delivery of goods under a straight BILL OF LADING . Common Law countries are: The United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, Hong Kong, New Zealand, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Singapore, Bahamas, Botswana, Brunei, Cameroon, Cyprus, Fiji, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Lesotho, Maldives, Malta, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nigeria, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Swaziland, Tanzania, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tuvalu and Uganda . In case of doubt, you can check on the Internet whether the foreign businessmen belong to the common law countries. However, even the common law countries (including the United Kingdom) , in recent years there have been some cases that straight bill of lading is also a document of title. In anglo-american law system, case law is legal, which can be regarded as a turning point . Nevertheless, we should be cautious. After all, prevention is the main focus. If something goes wrong, even if we win the case, it will not be worth the loss to most small and medium-sized export enterprises. Not to mention not necessarily win, some veteran foreign businessmen easily turn into a commercial dispute, wrangling for several years. Therefore, for Unfamiliar Foreign Merchants, especially D/P, it is best to use the straight bill of lading with caution. In fact, the name of the anonymous, in a serious business operation will not give foreign businessmen too much inconvenience.

Is Cargo Bill of lading the same as owner's bill of lading? In practice, we will encounter two types of bills of lading: owner's bill of lading and forwarder's bill of lading. Shipowner is a freight company that has its own ocean-going freighter. The cost of an ocean-going freighter is not cheap, has its own ocean-going fleet of companies is naturally strong. In a sense, such a company is also relatively OK * , because they do business for a long time more attention to reputation, not for a little bit of money and self-destruction of reputation, relatively more formal operation. Another kind of freight company is freight forwarders, referred to as freight forwarders. Freight forwarders do not have their own ship, in a sense the nature of the General Trading company similar. After they get the goods together, they take them to the owner to book the shipping space. We might as well regard the difference and relation between shipowner and forwarder as wholesaler and retailer, the commodity is the "shipping space" of ocean-going freighter. The owner wholesales the shipping space to the forwarder and the forwarder retail the space to us. It is not difficult to imagine, shipowners although safe, but after all, inevitably "store big customer" some, in the service flexibility and hospitality often can not compare with freight forwarders. Freight forwarders large number, wide distribution, and we do foreign trade communication is very convenient, but also more willing to cooperate with our operation, especially the above mentioned similar to "backdating bill of lading" such special operation. Therefore, in the actual work we deal with freight forwarder is more common. On the face of it, the effect of the owner's bill of lading is similar to that of the forwarder's bill of lading. When there's actually a difference. First of all, the bill of lading itself is a "contract of carriage" , the freight forwarder to bill of lading to us, is equivalent to signing a contract of carriage. The owner's bill of lading is a contract between us and the shipowner, but the forwarder's bill of lading is not. We hand over the goods to the forwarder, the forwarder hand over the goods to the shipowner. There is a carriage agreement between the forwarder and the shipowner. The shipowner is only responsible to the forwarder and not to our shipowner, because under the operation of the forwarder bill of lading, it is the shipowner's responsibility, freight forwarders are the "owners" . Therefore, on the basis of the owner's bill of lading, the goods may be picked up at the port of destination, but not on the forwarder's bill of lading, which requires taking the forwarder's bill of lading to the port agent for "exchange of documents" , that is, to issue a notice of delivery based on the forwarder's bill of lading, before picking up the goods. Of course, as far as our consignee is concerned, this is just an additional procedure on the surface, does not affect the delivery of goods, is not what the risk. On the contrary, we can use this to better control the real right . For example, after we hand over the forwarder bill of lading to the customer, we suddenly find that the customer has fraud, may not give money, then we can ask the forwarder to help, inform the port of destination agent "hold" the goods, let the foreign businessmen not pick up the goods for the time being even if they take the freight forwarding bill of lading, to buy US valuable time (no formal reason, the port of destination is not forced to withhold goods, can only delay a few days, but for foreign trade disputes, this delay is very beneficial to exporters) In short, if the cargo transport itself unfortunately, we hold the freight company responsible, it is clear that the strength of the shipowner is more capable of being responsible than the general freight forwarder. Usually freight forwarders than shipowners can cooperate with our work, in the flexible handling of bills of lading and prevent commercial fraud, freight forwarders help is crucial. In addition, freight forwarders transport prices are also very advantageous, often at a discount. Operation Difference Between MBL and HBL: MBL is the Shipping Company's Bill of Lading; HBL is the forwarder's bill of lading. . 1. Shipper pass the shipping documents to FORWARDER, either in full or in combination. . 2. . FORWARDER to the shipping company booking, after the ship ON BOARD. Shipping Company issues MBL to FORWARDER. Shipper of MBL is FORWARDER of port of shipment, CNEE is branch or agent of FORWARDER of Port of destination. . 3. . FOWARDER sign HBL to SHIPPER. HBL's SHIPPER is the real SHIPPER. CNEE usually makes a letter of credit TO order. . 4. Carrier arrives the shipment at the port of destination after the ship has left. . 5. . FORWARDER will send MBL via Dhl/ups/tnt to the destination branch. Including: Custom Clearance DOCS)6. Upon receipt of the bill of lading, SHIPPER shall present the documents to the domestic negotiating bank for settlement of foreign exchange within the period of presentation. If do t/TSHPPER direct send documents to foreign guests. . 7. The negotiating bank settled the full set of documents with the issuing bank. . 8. The CNEE pays the issuing bank's ransom note. . 9. FORWARDER take MBL to the shipping company to exchange the bill of lading, customs clearance. . 10. . CNEE takes the HBL to FORWARDER.